CALIPAH : ‘UMAR IBN AL-KHATTAB
FAEZ: Umar was the best after Nabi Muhammad (saw) and Abu Bakar as-Siddeeq, as Rasulullah (saw) said : “Follow the example of the two who come after me, i.e. Abu Bakar and Umar”.
MULIA: His life (Umar) is one of the soundest sources of faith, motivation and correct understanding of Islam. He sought the pleasure of Allah before the pleasure of the people, and he feared Allah but he did not fear anyone among the people. The history of Umar can be a lesson to all of us and can put into practice in order to repeat the achievement attained by Umar.
AKHTAR: To me, Umar’s utmost achievement is the compilation of the Holy Quran. Abu Bakar (1st calipah) consulted Umar about compiling the Quran by collecting the pieces of cloth, bones and palm leaves on which it had been written and also gathering it from the “hearts of sahabats”.
TEGUH: The idea came about the collection of the Quran as the result of fear that it might be lost because of the deaths, during several wars, of many of those who knew it well “by hearts”.
FAEZ: Another of his achievement was to establish the Islamic calendar, i.e. to determine the starting year. Remember, during that time they already had the Islamic 12-month periods.
MULIA: Umar suggested four events that could be used as the starting-point for the year : (1) the Prophet’s birth, (2) the beginning of his mission, (3) his Hijrah from Mecca to Madinah, and (4) his demised. But they found that there was some dispute as to the year of his birth and the beginning of his mission, and they abandoned the idea of dating the calendar from his death because that will provoke grief and sorrow to the Muslims.
MULIA: So there was no other option left but to select the Hijrah. However they did not start from month of Rabee’al-Awwal but picked the month of Muharram, because the initial resolve to migrate came in Muharram.
AKHTAR: The key to Umar’s personality is his faith in Allah and his preparations for the Last Day. Umar did not let achievement or victory make him become proud or arrogant. He believed that whatever victory came only from Allah and that his duty was to put his fullest trust in Him and give thanks to Him.
TEGUH: Umar sought solutions from the Quran and Sunnah to the problems and challenges the ummah faced, but he was not rigid or literal in his approach. He realized that simply repeating what was worked in the past was not always the answer.
AKHTAR: Although Umar was a man of immense and profound knowledge, he consulted other scholars, knowledgable people and experts. However he felt that he was personally responsible, before Allah, for everything that happened in the state when he was the calipah.
TEGUH: In the Islamic view, all people are equal, rulers and subjects, men and women, Arabs and non-Arabs, white and black. Islam has abolished all differences among people based on race, colour, lineage and class.
FAEZ: Remember Umar’s famous speeches: (1) O people, whoever among you sees any crookedness in me, let him straighten it; (2) I fear that I may make a mistake and no one among you will correct me out of respect for me; (3) Whoever appoints a man because of friendship or blood ties, and for no other reason, has betrayed Allah and His Messenger; (4) It is better for me to dismiss one governor every day than to leave a wrongdoer in place for even one minute.
MULIA: Among the advice he gave: “One who laughs too much loses dignity; one who jokes too much loses respect; one who speaks a great deal makes mistakes; one who makes many mistakes loses his sense of dignity. Whoever loses his sense of dignity loses his fear of Allah, and whoever loses his fear of Allah is spiritually dead”.
FAEZ: Umar was murdered during the time when he was about to lead the Fajr prayer. He was stabbed in the shoulder and then in his side, and felt down……. Umar’s caliphate lasted for ten years.
FAEZ: Umar was the best after Nabi Muhammad (saw) and Abu Bakar as-Siddeeq, as Rasulullah (saw) said : “Follow the example of the two who come after me, i.e. Abu Bakar and Umar”.
MULIA: His life (Umar) is one of the soundest sources of faith, motivation and correct understanding of Islam. He sought the pleasure of Allah before the pleasure of the people, and he feared Allah but he did not fear anyone among the people. The history of Umar can be a lesson to all of us and can put into practice in order to repeat the achievement attained by Umar.
AKHTAR: To me, Umar’s utmost achievement is the compilation of the Holy Quran. Abu Bakar (1st calipah) consulted Umar about compiling the Quran by collecting the pieces of cloth, bones and palm leaves on which it had been written and also gathering it from the “hearts of sahabats”.
TEGUH: The idea came about the collection of the Quran as the result of fear that it might be lost because of the deaths, during several wars, of many of those who knew it well “by hearts”.
FAEZ: Another of his achievement was to establish the Islamic calendar, i.e. to determine the starting year. Remember, during that time they already had the Islamic 12-month periods.
MULIA: Umar suggested four events that could be used as the starting-point for the year : (1) the Prophet’s birth, (2) the beginning of his mission, (3) his Hijrah from Mecca to Madinah, and (4) his demised. But they found that there was some dispute as to the year of his birth and the beginning of his mission, and they abandoned the idea of dating the calendar from his death because that will provoke grief and sorrow to the Muslims.
MULIA: So there was no other option left but to select the Hijrah. However they did not start from month of Rabee’al-Awwal but picked the month of Muharram, because the initial resolve to migrate came in Muharram.
AKHTAR: The key to Umar’s personality is his faith in Allah and his preparations for the Last Day. Umar did not let achievement or victory make him become proud or arrogant. He believed that whatever victory came only from Allah and that his duty was to put his fullest trust in Him and give thanks to Him.
TEGUH: Umar sought solutions from the Quran and Sunnah to the problems and challenges the ummah faced, but he was not rigid or literal in his approach. He realized that simply repeating what was worked in the past was not always the answer.
AKHTAR: Although Umar was a man of immense and profound knowledge, he consulted other scholars, knowledgable people and experts. However he felt that he was personally responsible, before Allah, for everything that happened in the state when he was the calipah.
TEGUH: In the Islamic view, all people are equal, rulers and subjects, men and women, Arabs and non-Arabs, white and black. Islam has abolished all differences among people based on race, colour, lineage and class.
FAEZ: Remember Umar’s famous speeches: (1) O people, whoever among you sees any crookedness in me, let him straighten it; (2) I fear that I may make a mistake and no one among you will correct me out of respect for me; (3) Whoever appoints a man because of friendship or blood ties, and for no other reason, has betrayed Allah and His Messenger; (4) It is better for me to dismiss one governor every day than to leave a wrongdoer in place for even one minute.
MULIA: Among the advice he gave: “One who laughs too much loses dignity; one who jokes too much loses respect; one who speaks a great deal makes mistakes; one who makes many mistakes loses his sense of dignity. Whoever loses his sense of dignity loses his fear of Allah, and whoever loses his fear of Allah is spiritually dead”.
FAEZ: Umar was murdered during the time when he was about to lead the Fajr prayer. He was stabbed in the shoulder and then in his side, and felt down……. Umar’s caliphate lasted for ten years.
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